Why I Don t Think Philosophy Is A Secret Society

After reading this book it is safe to say that I don’t think philosophy is a secret society because I have entered into it. Groothuis takes on a large subject and looks into the minds of seven philosophers and what they think of God, the universe, and humanity. This book shows the significance within the history of Western philosophy. One of the philosophers we will discuss first is Protagoras he is best known for this saying â€Å"Man is the measure of all things.† His ideas can be explained to mean that there are objective or absolute standards in existence that are not relative to human beings. Rather, all standards by which things may be measured, including morals and values, come from human beings and are not dependent†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Human beings began to do philosophy,† he says, â€Å"even as they do now, because of wonder, at first because they wondered about the strange things right in front of them, and then later, advancing little by little, because they came to find greater things puzzling.† We can say Aristotle believed in the Law of Noncontradiction, it means â€Å"It is impossible for the same thing to belong and not to belong at the same time, to the same thing and in the same respect.† He goes on to explain we have to overcome contradiction in every area of our life. Augustine’s famous saying â€Å"You must have made us for yoursel f, and restless is our heart until it comes to rest in you.† His main ideas, â€Å"Where could reality be known at all?† When he was a youth he wanted to be satisfied by worldly things. He continued to think this way until one day he was prompted to pick-up the Bible and read Romans 13. This book in the Bible had such an overwhelming, profound calling which Augustine felt was God. He felt God was calling out his rebellious life and for him to turn to a Christian life. He went on to write a piece of work called The Confessions. This book was written for God himself. In it he describes events that reveal the presence and power of God in his life. According to one scholar, â€Å"the overall unity of the picture is central to its ability to provide a resolution of the problem of evil. The sensible world, for example,Show MoreRelatedFive Guys Burger1601 Words   |  7 Pagesout of box and simple solution to gain success in market. Five Guys’ philosophy setting apart from other fast food chains By careful reading of the Five Guys’ case study, I think quality product and customer satisfaction is the main philosophy of the Five Guys burger. According to Jerry Murrell We need to concentrate on the quality of our product, and the satisfaction of the customers. Five Guys maintained its philosophy of quality product for instance freshly prepared bun, fat free meat andRead MoreInto The Wild : Connecting The Film1595 Words   |  7 PagesInto the Wild: Connecting the Movie to Transcendentalism Transcendentalism is an extremely difficult philosophy to truly understand and even more difficult follow and apply to everyday life. Chris McCandless, from the movie Into the Wild, goes on a long journey after college attempting to live freely by the principles of Transcendentalist philosophers such as Emerson and Thoreau. Chris attempts to live happily, but what matters is whether or not Chris believes that his life was successful at theRead MoreChristian Worldview And The Secular Worldview Of Account1245 Words   |  5 Pagesreligious beliefs, marriage, politics, social structures, environmental concerns, educational standards, economics, children upbringing, food consumption, and the list continues. Individuals behave according to what they believe, not what they don t think. In today s world, there are different worldviews and spiritual worldviews. Most worldviews can be summed up into either a secular humanist worldview or a Christian worldview. Secular worldview is a religious worldview that states that man isRead MoreWhy Does One Take A Nap?1619 Words   |  7 PagesWhy does one take a nap? or play an instrument? Or play a sport? Or study hard and get good grades? Why do people give up all they have to find love? To find companionship? To find solace? Why is it that people invest in relationships? In ideas? In technologies? All these questions can be answered by one overarching theme – reason. Reason dictates all we do, big or small, difficult or easy, fast or time consuming. The reason behind why a person does what he or she does is not an easy question toRead MoreWelcome Everyone By The Kingdom Of Illea2429 Words   |  10 Pageslove, dreams and high hopes. Well, that’s how it seems. In Illea people are split into castes, born or placed. A caste is where you are placed in society. In other words, it’s meant to put you in the â€Å"right category† of where you belong in life. I put that in quotation marks because honestly, I believe no one knows what s best for us. That s why Kiera Cass made this dystopia based on this system. We ourselves only know. Yes, some people don’t know what s best for them and there is also a caseRead MoreIt s No Secret That Anti Americanism Is Rampant Around The World1467 Words   |  6 PagesIt s no secret that anti-Americanism is rampant around the world. One of the reasons is America s continued use of the death penalty. We re seen as a violent, vengeful nation for such a policy. This is prett y much the same view that Europeans had of America when we continued the practice of slavery long after it had been banned in Europe. Evidence: M We as a society have to move away from the eye for an eye revenge mentality if civilization is to advance. The eye for an eye mentality willRead MoreIs Privacy Possible in the Digital Age?1609 Words   |  7 PagesPrivacy and security (Initial  essay) Introduction When I think back one of firsts times I thought knowingly about privacy and security in my life at category of every data being stored and maybe later analyzed it was back my previous student days when one of my friend refused to pay with bank card in Alco-store. At that time it seemed to me really paranoiac and weird, but now I get his idea behind it. If one is a gambler for instance, it really isn’t very smart to pay with credit card in gambling-denRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesShort of just 70 years ago, the United States was detached; segregated into communities of race and color. In the eyes of our modern society, this practice was cruel and inhumane, an example of just how much a culture’s perspective can change in time. Fahrenheit 451, a novel written and published by Ray Bradbury in 1953, focused on the consequences of change in a society through the eyes of Guy Montag. In the fictitious story, Guy serves as one of many firemen in the c ommunity; rather than removingRead MoreAll Actions Are Governed By Morality2671 Words   |  11 PagesChaz Jenkins Philosophy Research Paper Draft Monday, June 8, 15 All actions are governed by morality. As a society, we make actions every single day that we don t even think twice about. We never sit back and ask ourselves what kind of an action did I just make? Was it a moral action, an immoral action, a action that has no relevance to morality? We just make them. most people would have a general agreement on how to distich and differentiate these actions in general but my research paper is arguingRead MoreJacques Lacan Essay3310 Words   |  14 PagesAlthough Margaret Atwood may not have had any knowledge of the French psychoanalyst’s philosophies, I feel that both were making inferences on behavior and psychology and that the two undeniably synchronize with each other. I will first identify the complex philosophies of Jacques Lacan and then demonstrate how the narrator falls outside of Lacan’s view of society and how this leads to her demand for retreat from that society in order to become ‘whole’. Jacques Lacan was a French psychoanalyst that derived

Should Animals Be Used for Research Essay - 740 Words

There are several types of animals being used for research, but not surviving the test. Animals are similar to human beings; they have hearts just like human beings. Researchers have absolutely no sympathy for these animals, including the vicious ones. All animals need some type of affection from humans, or else there is a high possibility the animals will not survive. Personally, animal researching should be banned, but doing so, the researchers would have to find something else or someone else to test the products on to make sure the products are useable to humans. The reasons for animal researching are understandable and could change a person’s decision whether or not they would want to ban animal testing. Scientific knowledge is†¦show more content†¦N.p.. Web. 29 Jan 2014. http://www.animalresearch.info/en/designing-research/why-animals-are-used/.) Several pros say that animal researching is acceptable, but that side of the situation does not provide any decent re asoning or proof. The cons have good reasoning and proof. Animal researching has not saved many lives like one of the comments say. Animals are very different from humans, so they make poor testing subjects. One of the cons on the website states â€Å"Animal testing is cruel and inhumane.† Below the comment they explain that most animals are tested while being awake, without any anesthesia for relief. Testing animals might would be bearable if they put them asleep before putting them in pain. Testing drugs on animals can result in false test results. â€Å"The 1950s sleeping pill thalidomide, which caused 10,000 babies to be born with severe deformities, was tested on animals prior to its commercial release. Later tests on pregnant mice, rats, guinea pigs, cats, and hamsters did not result in birth defects unless the drug was administered at extremely high doses.† The comment above is proof that all tests that are tested on animals may not be accurate results, and coul d be harmful to many human.(Animal Testing. ProCon.org. N.p., 1 20 2014. Web. 29 Jan 2014. http://animal-testing.procon.org/.) Millions of animals are still being used in a wide variety of researches. â€Å"Purpose-bred birds, rats, and mice, as well as fish and other cold-bloodedShow MoreRelatedShould Animals Be Used for Research2686 Words   |  11 PagesProfessor Sophie Sills English 240 December 16, 2011 Should Animals be used for Research During the past ten years, a major controversy over the use of animals in biomedical and behavioral research has arisen. The debate about using animals for medical testing has been ongoing for years. The struggle is usually between animal rights activists and scientist. I believe that animal testing is imperative to the progression of medical cures, procedures and drugs. Scientists have been solving medicalRead MoreAnimals Should Not Be Used For Biomedical Research1635 Words   |  7 PagesAnimals have been used from the beginning of time the ancient civilisations used animal testing to find answers to the unknown for example why do animals exist romans greeks simply dissected animals to have knowledge. Now days animals are used to understand basic human biology, so called â€Å"models† for studying human biology and disease. Improvements in human health, vaccines and medicines. Another type of animal use is for cosmetics. Even though people believe that biomedical resea rch is a wayRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Should Be Used For Research1600 Words   |  7 Pageswhether the practice of animals research should be used. Many people believe animals are needed for research, while others think it is not fair for animals to be sacrificed and treated poorly during research. Animals used for research has bettered many human lives by new discoveries and advantages. Many people such as doctors, scientists, hospitals, research institutes use animal research to view how the human body works and to advance in scientific understanding. The first animal experiment started inRead MoreShould the Animals Be Used for Scientific Research?1981 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract This research paper discusses the opposition side of my chosen topic â€Å"Should the animals be used for scientific research†. It will evidently elucidate why it is malicious for the animals to be used as scientific research. Animals cannot be compared to humans when it comes to finding out what product or drug is competent for human to use, because animals and humans have different hormones. It is also been proven with the drug thalidomide, that even though it has been tested on thousands ofRead MoreShould Animals Be Used For Medical Research?1872 Words   |  8 PagesShould animals be used in medical research? Should animals be used in medical research? Some people say that after so many historical experiences, this is beyond dispute, but I think this is the opposite. With the medicine science and technology developed, the uses of animals in experiments are become more controversial. With the technologies developed, human beings become more powerful and the intention to protect other creatures will be stronger and stronger. In fact, most of the time, some medicalRead MoreShould Animals Be Used For Product Or Medical Research?767 Words   |  4 PagesThat’s what animals go through almost everyday. Animal medical research and animal testing has been going on for years and years and needs to be stopped immediately. They have lives just like us and are being treated like their nothing. Animals should not be used for product or medical research. To begin with, the behaviors of animals has become violent because of animal research. A 2013 poll showed that two thirds of respondents oppose testing cosmetics and other consumer products on animals. (â€Å"Is animalRead MoreShould Animals Be Used For Medical Science Research?1321 Words   |  6 PagesIs the use of animals in medical science research justified? Should this be permitted? Why is it allowed that animals have to suffer so a human can use Windex or wear makeup? An estimated 26 million animals are used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animal research testing is unnecessary to advance medical research any further. At one time when technology was not caught up with the rest of the world, it may have been useful because without animal testing, productsRead MoreShould Animals Be Used for Research in the Cosmetic Industry?533 Words   |  3 PagesShould animals be used for research in cosmetic industry? Animal testing is widely used to develop new medicines and to test the safety of other products. These experiments can cause pain to the animals involved or reduce their quality of life in other ways. Animal experimenters are aware of this problem and agree that the testing should be made as humane as possible. While this practice has been followed for years now, some people still strongly believe that it is a cruel act and should be permanentlyRead MoreWhy Should Animals Be Used For Medical Research?1520 Words   |  7 Pages Why should animals be used for medical research? Is it because some animals are similar to humans probably. Even though animals have rights they should still be used for experiments because if scientist experiment on humans and something go wrong they could kill that human being. That is why animals should be used for medical research because they have different blood type and cells from us. Something that can easily kill us might not kill an animal, so wi th that they can find a way to cure theRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Used For Biomedical Research1645 Words   |  7 PagesMillions of animals are used and tested on for biomedical research. Considering this fact, is it really an ethical approach to satisfying the needs of humans? Animals should not be used for biomedical research because the experiments are cruel and inhumane. Although animal testing brings more medical advancement and less human-based experiments, it is an expensive way of researching that produce imprecise outputs and at the same time is a practice of animal cruelty. What is animal testing? Animal testing

No Security Without Development Free Essays

There is no security without development and no development without security. (40 marks) This essay is going to focus on whether there can be no security without development and no development without security. Security can include economic security, social (personal, political and community ) security, health security and food security. We will write a custom essay sample on No Security Without Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Development can include social (hospitals, schools, housing) and infrastructure (communication links roads, power supplies, access to water) aspects. Security and development can both be linked to poverty. So, the question is, if a country or region is living in poverty can either security or development be gained? There cannot be no security without development if people do not own enough land as they do not have social security or do not have land to grow crops, meaning a lack of economic and food security. Afghanistan is a unstable country and is prone to civil wars lasting over 30 years. Only 12% of it’s land is farmable meaning that Afghans are competing for the best land. However, instead of growing crops, they crop poppies that can be used to produce heroin, which generates much more income than crops. This can give some economic security, but defects food security due to the lack of crops grown. There cannot be no security if people live in fear of losing everything in a natural disaster such as an earthquake, tsunami or a volcanic eruption. An example of this is the Asian Tsunami in 2004 that hit countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lankia, India and Thailand. It killed 250000 people in a day, causing mass damage wiping out everything in its way. This meant that houses, infrastructure, health services and businesses were destroyed. With 1. 7 million people homeless, it clasped social security and left many people without food. The 18 countries that were affected lacked security. However, with NGO’s, aid and relief it allowed the countries to develop again which helped to rebuild businesses which helped increase economic security and gave shelter and good supplies which developed to increase social and food security. Therefore, this suggests that with security a country can develop and with development there can be security. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a resource rich country, however, it lacks security. They have a lot of gold but no machines to get it out, lacks development of infrastructure. Unfortunately, no big companies will invest unless the country has peace and gains social security. However, to help the country develop, monitoring of mines is a strategy to help bring security and get resources safely to sell, which provides an income to help the DRC to develop. Sadly, there are not enough conflict free mines such as in Nyabibwe to help full development as there is only partial security. Therefore, this suggests that if there is no security development cannot take place. To conclude, no security without development and no development without security is dependent on an areas status. For example the DRC has conflict and lacks security so no one will invest to help development, whereas a country like Indonesia, where a natural disaster has occurred lacks security but aid and relief is given that increases development that helps to increase security. How to cite No Security Without Development, Papers

Compensation Practices and Employee Productivity †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Compensation Practices and Employee Productivity. Answer: Introduction Bullying and harassment are emerging occupational health issue that exists in most of the industries throughout Australia and the world. There are many studies that have been done to explore bullying and harassment as a critical emerging issue in occupational health. Most of the workplace bullying is done by senior or older employees on junior or new employees within the same organization. Some of the commonly manifested bullying and harassment include sexual harassment, discriminatory comments, and threats, unjustifiable complaints and humiliating comments on a fellow worker. Psychological illness and emotional stress are two major reasons why bullying and harassment affect the health of a working person. An example of organization that has involved in investigating workplace bullying and harassment is Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM). The aim of this literature review is to explore bullying and harassment as major cause of psychological illness and emotional stres s among healthcare workers. In the recent past bullying and harassment has been reported as one single source of occupational health risk and hazard that leads to many healthcare practitioners leaving the healthcare for other occupations (Ramsay, Troth Branch, 2010). In order to make a clear understanding of this emerging issue, Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) is used as a model organization to unleash aspects of bullying and harassment within the workplace. Similarly, UK studies indicate that more than 38% have been bullied on more than one occasion as compared to more than 42% who have witnessed bullying (Killoren, 2014). Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) is one organization that has also experienced bullying and harassment at healthcare workplace in the past and developed measures to tackle this emerging issue. When tabling the report, it was found that at least 34% of workers within the facility has experienced bullying from senior practitioners. In addition, more than 20% of workers admitted that they have undergone discrimination while 16% harassed as compared another 6.2% that experienced sexual harassment in particular. In response, the organization's management indicated that they are on the verge of developing an action plan with workers aiming to reduce bullying (AAP Staff Writers, 2017). Bullying and harassment within healthcare workplaces are normally manifested within many departments within the healthcare within majority existing between healthcare personnel at the high position and those at the lower level of management. According to Van Uffelen, Wong, and Chau (2010), this occupational health issue is manifested between senior and junior health practitioners. For instance, bullying and harassment within the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) was mainly manifested within the emergency department where they experienced harassment by their colleague in the same department. According to Westgaard and Winkel (2011), there are many causal factors of bullying and harassment within healthcare workplaces. Some of the ways that workplace bullying and harassment have been experienced according to Killoren (2014) are abusive or offensive language or comments, aggressive and intimidating behavior, humiliating comments and unjustified criticism or complaints. Firstly, as for observing at the ACEM facility, older doctors have been using abusive language on younger colleagues hence traumatizing them. Secondly, the aggressive and intimidating behavior is another way that bullying is manifested as reported by Kane (2018). Thirdly, much senior management is continuously making humiliating comments on junior medical practitioners raising alarm on such bullying. Fourthly, as indicated by a study conducted by Kane (2018), unjustified criticism or complaints made on most junior officers contribute largely to most complaints received in Australia courts. The Consequences bullying and harassment within health care workplaces Studies indicate that bullying and harassment are likely to cause harm to many individuals exposed. As cited by Safe Work Australia (2017), bullying causes stress, workplace errors or accidents, physical and psychological illnesses. Firstly, bullying and harassment is the single root cause of many stress within the healthcare workplace leading to poor service delivery at work. As evidenced in ACEM, many emergency doctors explained their predicament and the much stress it has brought on them. Similarly, Deshpande and Joseph (2009) explain that stress due to emotional torture that results from workplace bullying and harassment make healthcare workplace detrimental to patient and doctors. Bullying and harassment affect cause physical and psychological illness among working people. Firstly, a study by Ray (2011) shows psychological illness is resulting from much harassment that many victims have undergone through. As revealed by ACEM, more than 26% of a doctor working in the emergency department has been under psychological torture due to harassment. In addition, psychological illness is also resulting from immense pressure that has a doctor have been subjected to within workplace (Salin Helge, 2010). Secondly, bullying or harassment causes a working person to have emotional stress that is detrimental to the health of an individual and their performance within the organization. Psychological illness has implications on the physical health of a working person especially those that have undergone bullying at the workplace (Rayner Cooper, 2006). Various reports show that bullying has been experienced by a majority of workers at some point in their profession with health care industry topping the list of affected sectors. As indicated by Liefooghe (2012), bullying is currently a major contributor to job dissatisfaction that trend across many profession. For instance, WBI-Zogby survey indicates that 13% of U.S. employees are currently bullied as compared to 24% bullied in the past years. This accounts for over 44% workers that are affected by bullying and harassment in America alone (Ray, 2011). Legislative requirements relating to the bullying and harassment There is legislation that has been put in place to tackle bullying and harassment within the workplace. One example of legislation that is currently used in Australia to control the workplace bullying or harassment is Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 and Safe Work Australia regulation of 2014. Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 provides various steps for assessing, managing and minimizing workplace health issues. This implies that the legislation provides measures that every organization is expected to oblige to and is failure attract penalty in the court of law (Hutchinson Hurley, 2013). Under this Act, all organizations such as ACEM are expected to manage risk to the health of employees. One example is Part 3.1:33 indicated that there must be an obligation to manage risk to workplace health risk. ACEM on responding to the accusation of not managing bullying and harassment, the management through Professor Lawler explained that they have put in place all the necessary measures to manage the situation in a healthcare facility (AAP Staff Writers, 2017). Safe Work Australia regulation of 2014 developed by Queensland replaced the older regulation or legislation since the legislation has the capacity to identify when bullying or harassment is occurring in an organization. According to Safe Work Australia (2017), former legislation was less prescriptive in nature hence not effective in managing risk. In addition, the guide sets the minimal threshold for managing risk in an organization. The legislation, therefore, reduces the chance of bullying occurring in an organization due to minimal risk management (Samnani Singh, 2014). Standard industry practice relating to the elimination or minimization of the bullying and harassment The government of Australia has various codes and standards of practice that have been developed to minimize bullying or harassment in the workplace. Safety standards of practice require the election of health safety representative that is regularly in consultation with the manager about any risk. The workplace bullying regulations require continuous assessment of factors that are most likely to result in bullying. In addition, Ramsay, Troth, and Branch (2010) indicate that health safety representative needs to check any bullying or harassment that might be taking place within the organization unknowingly. This should be done in compliances with various regulations laid out in work health safety Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (The Royal Australasian College of Medical Administrators, 2013). Secondly, every organization is required to develop and implement health safety policies. These policies according to Lexology.com (2014) include defining jobs and role of employees to avoid conflict within the workplace. In addition, provision of resources to employees, training, and information on the need to reduce bullying and harassment within the organization are some of the strategies that ACEM has reportedly implemented in the organization. Consequently, the organizations, policies that reduce chances of bullying have a high potential of improving occupational safety (Samnani Singh, 2014). Thirdly, workplace bullying reports or responses as was developed by ACEM management requires implementation. Implementation of workplace bullying report is another standard of practice that point to the improvement of workplace health. According to Liefooghe (2012), many organizations have experienced workplace bullying or harassment and has been investigated reported yet implementation of recommendation on bullying has been a problem. Therefore, one of the standards of practice, as outlined by the government, is the full implementation of reports (Safe Work Australia, 2017). Conclusion In conclusion, literature leaves nothing unstudied in workplace bullying and harassment which are two major emerging issues in occupational health. Studies reveal that bullying has been experienced by more workers in various sectors with healthcare sector not spared. One organization that critically show bullying and causes is ACEM. The manifestation of workplace bullying relies on negative comments, unjustified complains sexual harassment and discriminatory comments as reported by studies. Bullying and harassment instill physical and psychological illness among those bullied at the workplace. In addition, there is much different legislation in Australia that protects workers from bullying and harassment through more need to be done to reduce this issue. Reference AAP Staff Writers, (2017). Australian doctors suffering from distressingly high levels of bullying. News Corp Australia Network August 16. Retrieved from https://www.news.com.au/national/australian-doctors-suffering-from-distressingly-high-levels-of-bullying/news-story/f9232bcc8c241074cb4bb3b3a0f488e5 Deshpande, S.P., Joseph, J. (2009). Impact of emotional intelligence, ethical climate, and behavior of peers on ethical behavior of nurses. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(3), 403-410. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-008-9779-z Hutchinson, M. Hurley, J. (2013). Exploring leadership capability and emotional intelligence as moderators of workplace bullying. Journal of Nursing Management, 21, 553-562. Available at DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01372.x Kane, S. (February 25, 2018). Who Is a Workplace Bully's Target?: Traits and characteristics of workplace bully targets, The Balance, available at https://www.thebalance.com/who-is-a-workplace-bully-s-target-2164323 Killoren, R. (2014). The Toll of Workplace Bullying - Research Management Review, 20(1). Lexology.com (2014). Prevention of Workplace Harassment Code of Practice 2004 replaced by national guides, Retrieved from https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=0d3a9ddf-1628-4831-b451-241197b42203 Liefooghe, A., (2012). Bullying beyond the bully, Training Journal (Apr 2012): 33-36. Ramsay, S., Troth, A Branch, S. (2010). Workplace bullying: A group processes framework Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(4), 799-816. Rayner, C., Cooper, C. L. (2006). Workplace Bullying. In Kelloway, E., Barling, J. Hurrell Jr., J. (eds.), Handbook of workplace violence (pp. 47-90). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Ray, W. (3 May 2011). The Silent Epidemic: Workplace Bullying. Psychology Today, Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/wired-success/201105/the-silent-epidemic-workplace-bullying. Safe Work Australia, (28 March 2017). Bullying, Retrieved from https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/bullying Samnani, A. Singh, P. (2014), Performance-enhancing compensation practices and employee productivity: The role of workplace bullying, Human Resource Management Review, 24(1):516. Samnani, A. Singh, P. (2012). Aggression and Violent Behavior. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17 (6): 581589. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2012.08.004 Salin, D. Helge, H. (2010). Organizational Causes of Workplace Bullying in Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace: Developments in Theory, Research, and Practice (2010). The Royal Australasian College of Medical Administrators (2013). Bullying within Health Care Workplaces, The Quarterly, 2013, Retrieved from https://www.racma.edu.au/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=174Itemid=327 Van Uffelen, J.G.Z., Wong, J., Chau J, Y., (2010). Occupational sitting and health risks. A systematic review, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 3(4), pp. 379388. doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2010.05.024 Westgaard, R.H., Winkel, J., (2011). Occupational musculoskeletal and mental health: Significance of rationalization and opportunities to create sustainable production systems a systematic review. Applied Ergonomics, 42, pp. 261-296. doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2010.07.002