Why I Don t Think Philosophy Is A Secret Society

After reading this book it is safe to say that I don’t think philosophy is a secret society because I have entered into it. Groothuis takes on a large subject and looks into the minds of seven philosophers and what they think of God, the universe, and humanity. This book shows the significance within the history of Western philosophy. One of the philosophers we will discuss first is Protagoras he is best known for this saying â€Å"Man is the measure of all things.† His ideas can be explained to mean that there are objective or absolute standards in existence that are not relative to human beings. Rather, all standards by which things may be measured, including morals and values, come from human beings and are not dependent†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Human beings began to do philosophy,† he says, â€Å"even as they do now, because of wonder, at first because they wondered about the strange things right in front of them, and then later, advancing little by little, because they came to find greater things puzzling.† We can say Aristotle believed in the Law of Noncontradiction, it means â€Å"It is impossible for the same thing to belong and not to belong at the same time, to the same thing and in the same respect.† He goes on to explain we have to overcome contradiction in every area of our life. Augustine’s famous saying â€Å"You must have made us for yoursel f, and restless is our heart until it comes to rest in you.† His main ideas, â€Å"Where could reality be known at all?† When he was a youth he wanted to be satisfied by worldly things. He continued to think this way until one day he was prompted to pick-up the Bible and read Romans 13. This book in the Bible had such an overwhelming, profound calling which Augustine felt was God. He felt God was calling out his rebellious life and for him to turn to a Christian life. He went on to write a piece of work called The Confessions. This book was written for God himself. In it he describes events that reveal the presence and power of God in his life. According to one scholar, â€Å"the overall unity of the picture is central to its ability to provide a resolution of the problem of evil. The sensible world, for example,Show MoreRelatedFive Guys Burger1601 Words   |  7 Pagesout of box and simple solution to gain success in market. Five Guys’ philosophy setting apart from other fast food chains By careful reading of the Five Guys’ case study, I think quality product and customer satisfaction is the main philosophy of the Five Guys burger. According to Jerry Murrell We need to concentrate on the quality of our product, and the satisfaction of the customers. Five Guys maintained its philosophy of quality product for instance freshly prepared bun, fat free meat andRead MoreInto The Wild : Connecting The Film1595 Words   |  7 PagesInto the Wild: Connecting the Movie to Transcendentalism Transcendentalism is an extremely difficult philosophy to truly understand and even more difficult follow and apply to everyday life. Chris McCandless, from the movie Into the Wild, goes on a long journey after college attempting to live freely by the principles of Transcendentalist philosophers such as Emerson and Thoreau. Chris attempts to live happily, but what matters is whether or not Chris believes that his life was successful at theRead MoreChristian Worldview And The Secular Worldview Of Account1245 Words   |  5 Pagesreligious beliefs, marriage, politics, social structures, environmental concerns, educational standards, economics, children upbringing, food consumption, and the list continues. Individuals behave according to what they believe, not what they don t think. In today s world, there are different worldviews and spiritual worldviews. Most worldviews can be summed up into either a secular humanist worldview or a Christian worldview. Secular worldview is a religious worldview that states that man isRead MoreWhy Does One Take A Nap?1619 Words   |  7 PagesWhy does one take a nap? or play an instrument? Or play a sport? Or study hard and get good grades? Why do people give up all they have to find love? To find companionship? To find solace? Why is it that people invest in relationships? In ideas? In technologies? All these questions can be answered by one overarching theme – reason. Reason dictates all we do, big or small, difficult or easy, fast or time consuming. The reason behind why a person does what he or she does is not an easy question toRead MoreWelcome Everyone By The Kingdom Of Illea2429 Words   |  10 Pageslove, dreams and high hopes. Well, that’s how it seems. In Illea people are split into castes, born or placed. A caste is where you are placed in society. In other words, it’s meant to put you in the â€Å"right category† of where you belong in life. I put that in quotation marks because honestly, I believe no one knows what s best for us. That s why Kiera Cass made this dystopia based on this system. We ourselves only know. Yes, some people don’t know what s best for them and there is also a caseRead MoreIt s No Secret That Anti Americanism Is Rampant Around The World1467 Words   |  6 PagesIt s no secret that anti-Americanism is rampant around the world. One of the reasons is America s continued use of the death penalty. We re seen as a violent, vengeful nation for such a policy. This is prett y much the same view that Europeans had of America when we continued the practice of slavery long after it had been banned in Europe. Evidence: M We as a society have to move away from the eye for an eye revenge mentality if civilization is to advance. The eye for an eye mentality willRead MoreIs Privacy Possible in the Digital Age?1609 Words   |  7 PagesPrivacy and security (Initial  essay) Introduction When I think back one of firsts times I thought knowingly about privacy and security in my life at category of every data being stored and maybe later analyzed it was back my previous student days when one of my friend refused to pay with bank card in Alco-store. At that time it seemed to me really paranoiac and weird, but now I get his idea behind it. If one is a gambler for instance, it really isn’t very smart to pay with credit card in gambling-denRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesShort of just 70 years ago, the United States was detached; segregated into communities of race and color. In the eyes of our modern society, this practice was cruel and inhumane, an example of just how much a culture’s perspective can change in time. Fahrenheit 451, a novel written and published by Ray Bradbury in 1953, focused on the consequences of change in a society through the eyes of Guy Montag. In the fictitious story, Guy serves as one of many firemen in the c ommunity; rather than removingRead MoreAll Actions Are Governed By Morality2671 Words   |  11 PagesChaz Jenkins Philosophy Research Paper Draft Monday, June 8, 15 All actions are governed by morality. As a society, we make actions every single day that we don t even think twice about. We never sit back and ask ourselves what kind of an action did I just make? Was it a moral action, an immoral action, a action that has no relevance to morality? We just make them. most people would have a general agreement on how to distich and differentiate these actions in general but my research paper is arguingRead MoreJacques Lacan Essay3310 Words   |  14 PagesAlthough Margaret Atwood may not have had any knowledge of the French psychoanalyst’s philosophies, I feel that both were making inferences on behavior and psychology and that the two undeniably synchronize with each other. I will first identify the complex philosophies of Jacques Lacan and then demonstrate how the narrator falls outside of Lacan’s view of society and how this leads to her demand for retreat from that society in order to become ‘whole’. Jacques Lacan was a French psychoanalyst that derived

Should Animals Be Used for Research Essay - 740 Words

There are several types of animals being used for research, but not surviving the test. Animals are similar to human beings; they have hearts just like human beings. Researchers have absolutely no sympathy for these animals, including the vicious ones. All animals need some type of affection from humans, or else there is a high possibility the animals will not survive. Personally, animal researching should be banned, but doing so, the researchers would have to find something else or someone else to test the products on to make sure the products are useable to humans. The reasons for animal researching are understandable and could change a person’s decision whether or not they would want to ban animal testing. Scientific knowledge is†¦show more content†¦N.p.. Web. 29 Jan 2014. http://www.animalresearch.info/en/designing-research/why-animals-are-used/.) Several pros say that animal researching is acceptable, but that side of the situation does not provide any decent re asoning or proof. The cons have good reasoning and proof. Animal researching has not saved many lives like one of the comments say. Animals are very different from humans, so they make poor testing subjects. One of the cons on the website states â€Å"Animal testing is cruel and inhumane.† Below the comment they explain that most animals are tested while being awake, without any anesthesia for relief. Testing animals might would be bearable if they put them asleep before putting them in pain. Testing drugs on animals can result in false test results. â€Å"The 1950s sleeping pill thalidomide, which caused 10,000 babies to be born with severe deformities, was tested on animals prior to its commercial release. Later tests on pregnant mice, rats, guinea pigs, cats, and hamsters did not result in birth defects unless the drug was administered at extremely high doses.† The comment above is proof that all tests that are tested on animals may not be accurate results, and coul d be harmful to many human.(Animal Testing. ProCon.org. N.p., 1 20 2014. Web. 29 Jan 2014. http://animal-testing.procon.org/.) Millions of animals are still being used in a wide variety of researches. â€Å"Purpose-bred birds, rats, and mice, as well as fish and other cold-bloodedShow MoreRelatedShould Animals Be Used for Research2686 Words   |  11 PagesProfessor Sophie Sills English 240 December 16, 2011 Should Animals be used for Research During the past ten years, a major controversy over the use of animals in biomedical and behavioral research has arisen. The debate about using animals for medical testing has been ongoing for years. The struggle is usually between animal rights activists and scientist. I believe that animal testing is imperative to the progression of medical cures, procedures and drugs. Scientists have been solving medicalRead MoreAnimals Should Not Be Used For Biomedical Research1635 Words   |  7 PagesAnimals have been used from the beginning of time the ancient civilisations used animal testing to find answers to the unknown for example why do animals exist romans greeks simply dissected animals to have knowledge. Now days animals are used to understand basic human biology, so called â€Å"models† for studying human biology and disease. Improvements in human health, vaccines and medicines. Another type of animal use is for cosmetics. Even though people believe that biomedical resea rch is a wayRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Should Be Used For Research1600 Words   |  7 Pageswhether the practice of animals research should be used. Many people believe animals are needed for research, while others think it is not fair for animals to be sacrificed and treated poorly during research. Animals used for research has bettered many human lives by new discoveries and advantages. Many people such as doctors, scientists, hospitals, research institutes use animal research to view how the human body works and to advance in scientific understanding. The first animal experiment started inRead MoreShould the Animals Be Used for Scientific Research?1981 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract This research paper discusses the opposition side of my chosen topic â€Å"Should the animals be used for scientific research†. It will evidently elucidate why it is malicious for the animals to be used as scientific research. Animals cannot be compared to humans when it comes to finding out what product or drug is competent for human to use, because animals and humans have different hormones. It is also been proven with the drug thalidomide, that even though it has been tested on thousands ofRead MoreShould Animals Be Used For Medical Research?1872 Words   |  8 PagesShould animals be used in medical research? Should animals be used in medical research? Some people say that after so many historical experiences, this is beyond dispute, but I think this is the opposite. With the medicine science and technology developed, the uses of animals in experiments are become more controversial. With the technologies developed, human beings become more powerful and the intention to protect other creatures will be stronger and stronger. In fact, most of the time, some medicalRead MoreShould Animals Be Used For Product Or Medical Research?767 Words   |  4 PagesThat’s what animals go through almost everyday. Animal medical research and animal testing has been going on for years and years and needs to be stopped immediately. They have lives just like us and are being treated like their nothing. Animals should not be used for product or medical research. To begin with, the behaviors of animals has become violent because of animal research. A 2013 poll showed that two thirds of respondents oppose testing cosmetics and other consumer products on animals. (â€Å"Is animalRead MoreShould Animals Be Used For Medical Science Research?1321 Words   |  6 PagesIs the use of animals in medical science research justified? Should this be permitted? Why is it allowed that animals have to suffer so a human can use Windex or wear makeup? An estimated 26 million animals are used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animal research testing is unnecessary to advance medical research any further. At one time when technology was not caught up with the rest of the world, it may have been useful because without animal testing, productsRead MoreShould Animals Be Used for Research in the Cosmetic Industry?533 Words   |  3 PagesShould animals be used for research in cosmetic industry? Animal testing is widely used to develop new medicines and to test the safety of other products. These experiments can cause pain to the animals involved or reduce their quality of life in other ways. Animal experimenters are aware of this problem and agree that the testing should be made as humane as possible. While this practice has been followed for years now, some people still strongly believe that it is a cruel act and should be permanentlyRead MoreWhy Should Animals Be Used For Medical Research?1520 Words   |  7 Pages Why should animals be used for medical research? Is it because some animals are similar to humans probably. Even though animals have rights they should still be used for experiments because if scientist experiment on humans and something go wrong they could kill that human being. That is why animals should be used for medical research because they have different blood type and cells from us. Something that can easily kill us might not kill an animal, so wi th that they can find a way to cure theRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Used For Biomedical Research1645 Words   |  7 PagesMillions of animals are used and tested on for biomedical research. Considering this fact, is it really an ethical approach to satisfying the needs of humans? Animals should not be used for biomedical research because the experiments are cruel and inhumane. Although animal testing brings more medical advancement and less human-based experiments, it is an expensive way of researching that produce imprecise outputs and at the same time is a practice of animal cruelty. What is animal testing? Animal testing

No Security Without Development Free Essays

There is no security without development and no development without security. (40 marks) This essay is going to focus on whether there can be no security without development and no development without security. Security can include economic security, social (personal, political and community ) security, health security and food security. We will write a custom essay sample on No Security Without Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Development can include social (hospitals, schools, housing) and infrastructure (communication links roads, power supplies, access to water) aspects. Security and development can both be linked to poverty. So, the question is, if a country or region is living in poverty can either security or development be gained? There cannot be no security without development if people do not own enough land as they do not have social security or do not have land to grow crops, meaning a lack of economic and food security. Afghanistan is a unstable country and is prone to civil wars lasting over 30 years. Only 12% of it’s land is farmable meaning that Afghans are competing for the best land. However, instead of growing crops, they crop poppies that can be used to produce heroin, which generates much more income than crops. This can give some economic security, but defects food security due to the lack of crops grown. There cannot be no security if people live in fear of losing everything in a natural disaster such as an earthquake, tsunami or a volcanic eruption. An example of this is the Asian Tsunami in 2004 that hit countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lankia, India and Thailand. It killed 250000 people in a day, causing mass damage wiping out everything in its way. This meant that houses, infrastructure, health services and businesses were destroyed. With 1. 7 million people homeless, it clasped social security and left many people without food. The 18 countries that were affected lacked security. However, with NGO’s, aid and relief it allowed the countries to develop again which helped to rebuild businesses which helped increase economic security and gave shelter and good supplies which developed to increase social and food security. Therefore, this suggests that with security a country can develop and with development there can be security. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is a resource rich country, however, it lacks security. They have a lot of gold but no machines to get it out, lacks development of infrastructure. Unfortunately, no big companies will invest unless the country has peace and gains social security. However, to help the country develop, monitoring of mines is a strategy to help bring security and get resources safely to sell, which provides an income to help the DRC to develop. Sadly, there are not enough conflict free mines such as in Nyabibwe to help full development as there is only partial security. Therefore, this suggests that if there is no security development cannot take place. To conclude, no security without development and no development without security is dependent on an areas status. For example the DRC has conflict and lacks security so no one will invest to help development, whereas a country like Indonesia, where a natural disaster has occurred lacks security but aid and relief is given that increases development that helps to increase security. How to cite No Security Without Development, Papers

Compensation Practices and Employee Productivity †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Compensation Practices and Employee Productivity. Answer: Introduction Bullying and harassment are emerging occupational health issue that exists in most of the industries throughout Australia and the world. There are many studies that have been done to explore bullying and harassment as a critical emerging issue in occupational health. Most of the workplace bullying is done by senior or older employees on junior or new employees within the same organization. Some of the commonly manifested bullying and harassment include sexual harassment, discriminatory comments, and threats, unjustifiable complaints and humiliating comments on a fellow worker. Psychological illness and emotional stress are two major reasons why bullying and harassment affect the health of a working person. An example of organization that has involved in investigating workplace bullying and harassment is Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM). The aim of this literature review is to explore bullying and harassment as major cause of psychological illness and emotional stres s among healthcare workers. In the recent past bullying and harassment has been reported as one single source of occupational health risk and hazard that leads to many healthcare practitioners leaving the healthcare for other occupations (Ramsay, Troth Branch, 2010). In order to make a clear understanding of this emerging issue, Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) is used as a model organization to unleash aspects of bullying and harassment within the workplace. Similarly, UK studies indicate that more than 38% have been bullied on more than one occasion as compared to more than 42% who have witnessed bullying (Killoren, 2014). Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) is one organization that has also experienced bullying and harassment at healthcare workplace in the past and developed measures to tackle this emerging issue. When tabling the report, it was found that at least 34% of workers within the facility has experienced bullying from senior practitioners. In addition, more than 20% of workers admitted that they have undergone discrimination while 16% harassed as compared another 6.2% that experienced sexual harassment in particular. In response, the organization's management indicated that they are on the verge of developing an action plan with workers aiming to reduce bullying (AAP Staff Writers, 2017). Bullying and harassment within healthcare workplaces are normally manifested within many departments within the healthcare within majority existing between healthcare personnel at the high position and those at the lower level of management. According to Van Uffelen, Wong, and Chau (2010), this occupational health issue is manifested between senior and junior health practitioners. For instance, bullying and harassment within the Australasian College for Emergency Medicine (ACEM) was mainly manifested within the emergency department where they experienced harassment by their colleague in the same department. According to Westgaard and Winkel (2011), there are many causal factors of bullying and harassment within healthcare workplaces. Some of the ways that workplace bullying and harassment have been experienced according to Killoren (2014) are abusive or offensive language or comments, aggressive and intimidating behavior, humiliating comments and unjustified criticism or complaints. Firstly, as for observing at the ACEM facility, older doctors have been using abusive language on younger colleagues hence traumatizing them. Secondly, the aggressive and intimidating behavior is another way that bullying is manifested as reported by Kane (2018). Thirdly, much senior management is continuously making humiliating comments on junior medical practitioners raising alarm on such bullying. Fourthly, as indicated by a study conducted by Kane (2018), unjustified criticism or complaints made on most junior officers contribute largely to most complaints received in Australia courts. The Consequences bullying and harassment within health care workplaces Studies indicate that bullying and harassment are likely to cause harm to many individuals exposed. As cited by Safe Work Australia (2017), bullying causes stress, workplace errors or accidents, physical and psychological illnesses. Firstly, bullying and harassment is the single root cause of many stress within the healthcare workplace leading to poor service delivery at work. As evidenced in ACEM, many emergency doctors explained their predicament and the much stress it has brought on them. Similarly, Deshpande and Joseph (2009) explain that stress due to emotional torture that results from workplace bullying and harassment make healthcare workplace detrimental to patient and doctors. Bullying and harassment affect cause physical and psychological illness among working people. Firstly, a study by Ray (2011) shows psychological illness is resulting from much harassment that many victims have undergone through. As revealed by ACEM, more than 26% of a doctor working in the emergency department has been under psychological torture due to harassment. In addition, psychological illness is also resulting from immense pressure that has a doctor have been subjected to within workplace (Salin Helge, 2010). Secondly, bullying or harassment causes a working person to have emotional stress that is detrimental to the health of an individual and their performance within the organization. Psychological illness has implications on the physical health of a working person especially those that have undergone bullying at the workplace (Rayner Cooper, 2006). Various reports show that bullying has been experienced by a majority of workers at some point in their profession with health care industry topping the list of affected sectors. As indicated by Liefooghe (2012), bullying is currently a major contributor to job dissatisfaction that trend across many profession. For instance, WBI-Zogby survey indicates that 13% of U.S. employees are currently bullied as compared to 24% bullied in the past years. This accounts for over 44% workers that are affected by bullying and harassment in America alone (Ray, 2011). Legislative requirements relating to the bullying and harassment There is legislation that has been put in place to tackle bullying and harassment within the workplace. One example of legislation that is currently used in Australia to control the workplace bullying or harassment is Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 and Safe Work Australia regulation of 2014. Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 provides various steps for assessing, managing and minimizing workplace health issues. This implies that the legislation provides measures that every organization is expected to oblige to and is failure attract penalty in the court of law (Hutchinson Hurley, 2013). Under this Act, all organizations such as ACEM are expected to manage risk to the health of employees. One example is Part 3.1:33 indicated that there must be an obligation to manage risk to workplace health risk. ACEM on responding to the accusation of not managing bullying and harassment, the management through Professor Lawler explained that they have put in place all the necessary measures to manage the situation in a healthcare facility (AAP Staff Writers, 2017). Safe Work Australia regulation of 2014 developed by Queensland replaced the older regulation or legislation since the legislation has the capacity to identify when bullying or harassment is occurring in an organization. According to Safe Work Australia (2017), former legislation was less prescriptive in nature hence not effective in managing risk. In addition, the guide sets the minimal threshold for managing risk in an organization. The legislation, therefore, reduces the chance of bullying occurring in an organization due to minimal risk management (Samnani Singh, 2014). Standard industry practice relating to the elimination or minimization of the bullying and harassment The government of Australia has various codes and standards of practice that have been developed to minimize bullying or harassment in the workplace. Safety standards of practice require the election of health safety representative that is regularly in consultation with the manager about any risk. The workplace bullying regulations require continuous assessment of factors that are most likely to result in bullying. In addition, Ramsay, Troth, and Branch (2010) indicate that health safety representative needs to check any bullying or harassment that might be taking place within the organization unknowingly. This should be done in compliances with various regulations laid out in work health safety Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (The Royal Australasian College of Medical Administrators, 2013). Secondly, every organization is required to develop and implement health safety policies. These policies according to Lexology.com (2014) include defining jobs and role of employees to avoid conflict within the workplace. In addition, provision of resources to employees, training, and information on the need to reduce bullying and harassment within the organization are some of the strategies that ACEM has reportedly implemented in the organization. Consequently, the organizations, policies that reduce chances of bullying have a high potential of improving occupational safety (Samnani Singh, 2014). Thirdly, workplace bullying reports or responses as was developed by ACEM management requires implementation. Implementation of workplace bullying report is another standard of practice that point to the improvement of workplace health. According to Liefooghe (2012), many organizations have experienced workplace bullying or harassment and has been investigated reported yet implementation of recommendation on bullying has been a problem. Therefore, one of the standards of practice, as outlined by the government, is the full implementation of reports (Safe Work Australia, 2017). Conclusion In conclusion, literature leaves nothing unstudied in workplace bullying and harassment which are two major emerging issues in occupational health. Studies reveal that bullying has been experienced by more workers in various sectors with healthcare sector not spared. One organization that critically show bullying and causes is ACEM. The manifestation of workplace bullying relies on negative comments, unjustified complains sexual harassment and discriminatory comments as reported by studies. Bullying and harassment instill physical and psychological illness among those bullied at the workplace. In addition, there is much different legislation in Australia that protects workers from bullying and harassment through more need to be done to reduce this issue. Reference AAP Staff Writers, (2017). Australian doctors suffering from distressingly high levels of bullying. News Corp Australia Network August 16. Retrieved from https://www.news.com.au/national/australian-doctors-suffering-from-distressingly-high-levels-of-bullying/news-story/f9232bcc8c241074cb4bb3b3a0f488e5 Deshpande, S.P., Joseph, J. (2009). Impact of emotional intelligence, ethical climate, and behavior of peers on ethical behavior of nurses. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(3), 403-410. DOI: 10.1007/s10551-008-9779-z Hutchinson, M. Hurley, J. (2013). Exploring leadership capability and emotional intelligence as moderators of workplace bullying. Journal of Nursing Management, 21, 553-562. Available at DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2834.2012.01372.x Kane, S. (February 25, 2018). Who Is a Workplace Bully's Target?: Traits and characteristics of workplace bully targets, The Balance, available at https://www.thebalance.com/who-is-a-workplace-bully-s-target-2164323 Killoren, R. (2014). The Toll of Workplace Bullying - Research Management Review, 20(1). Lexology.com (2014). Prevention of Workplace Harassment Code of Practice 2004 replaced by national guides, Retrieved from https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=0d3a9ddf-1628-4831-b451-241197b42203 Liefooghe, A., (2012). Bullying beyond the bully, Training Journal (Apr 2012): 33-36. Ramsay, S., Troth, A Branch, S. (2010). Workplace bullying: A group processes framework Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(4), 799-816. Rayner, C., Cooper, C. L. (2006). Workplace Bullying. In Kelloway, E., Barling, J. Hurrell Jr., J. (eds.), Handbook of workplace violence (pp. 47-90). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Ray, W. (3 May 2011). The Silent Epidemic: Workplace Bullying. Psychology Today, Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/wired-success/201105/the-silent-epidemic-workplace-bullying. Safe Work Australia, (28 March 2017). Bullying, Retrieved from https://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/bullying Samnani, A. Singh, P. (2014), Performance-enhancing compensation practices and employee productivity: The role of workplace bullying, Human Resource Management Review, 24(1):516. Samnani, A. Singh, P. (2012). Aggression and Violent Behavior. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17 (6): 581589. doi:10.1016/j.avb.2012.08.004 Salin, D. Helge, H. (2010). Organizational Causes of Workplace Bullying in Bullying and Harassment in the Workplace: Developments in Theory, Research, and Practice (2010). The Royal Australasian College of Medical Administrators (2013). Bullying within Health Care Workplaces, The Quarterly, 2013, Retrieved from https://www.racma.edu.au/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=174Itemid=327 Van Uffelen, J.G.Z., Wong, J., Chau J, Y., (2010). Occupational sitting and health risks. A systematic review, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 3(4), pp. 379388. doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2010.05.024 Westgaard, R.H., Winkel, J., (2011). Occupational musculoskeletal and mental health: Significance of rationalization and opportunities to create sustainable production systems a systematic review. Applied Ergonomics, 42, pp. 261-296. doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2010.07.002

Ballistics Essays

Ballistics Essays Ballistics Essay Ballistics Essay Paper Ballistics Bullets traveling over two thousand feet per second and having more energy than one normal person can perceive. Can you imagine tracking where, how, when, and what from angle this bullet was shot. Ballistic scientists can. Ballistics is the study of any projectile used as a weapon. This can certainly make or break a case Involving a guru Great ballistic scientists can even provide how far the bullet was shot from before It makes contact with the target. To me this is one of the most Important tools in a case where a firearm is used. The definition of ballistics is very simple, the study of projectiles from a weapon, mainly referring to bullets out of a gun. That Is a dulled down definition. My definition is a little lengthier in depth. Forensic ballistics includes the examination of bullets and firearms in an attempt to identify particular weapons used at any particular time. Guns and bullets leave small signs behind when fired, which professional ballistic scientists can pick apart and define what gun, bullet, energy, and even charge of the casing. This makes ballistic scientist one of the most important keys on a law enforcement agency. Pistols and rifles are categorized by what the inside diameter of the barrel measures. This is called caliber. An example would be, a 22 caliber rifle has a much smaller diameter barrel than a . 370 caliber rifle does. In turn, the bullet of a . 22 caliber is going to be considerably smaller than that off . 370 caliber, Pistols are categorized the same way. A . 40 caliber is much smaller than a . 460 caliber. Shotguns, however, are not categorized Like this. Shotguns are categorized by gauge. Unlike the rifle, the smaller the gauge of a rifle the bigger the inside diameter is. Such as, a twelve gauge has a much larger barrel than a twenty-eight gauge. Now that I have explained sizes and categorization to the guns, next Is the operation of the guns. When a gun is fired it takes many parts to make the gun fire and also for the bullet to hit Its target. When you pull the trigger on a gun, the firing pin strikes the bullet to set tot the gunpowder. That leaves a mark on the casing as unique as a fingerprintno two guns strike the bullet in exactly the same way. Furthermore, the barrels of every gun are rifled, which means they contain grooves, wanly Nell ten Dulled spun Ana make It more accurate. In turn, ten Dulled NAS ten marks from the rifling in the barrel, which can be matched up to the weapon that fired it. There is one exception to the rifling in the barrel. That exception is smooth bore shot guns. They are smooth, Just like the name implies. Now to talk about the term most people deem as ballistics, the speed, drop, and energy off bullet. Charge, weight, and muzzle length are three things that affect the speed and drop off bullet. Something most people don?wet know is that a bullet does not shoot straight horizontally. When I bullet is shot it is shot at a raising angle. Which means the bullet breaks the plane of the muzzle once before hitting the target. A . 22 caliber rifle breaks the plane of the muzzle at twenty-five yards, if the rifle is zeroed at 100 yards. Not all rifles cartridges cross at these measurements. That all depends on the weight, charge, and velocity of the bullet. Weight can also be described as knock-down power. A high caliber rifle will shoot heavier bullets and have more knock-down power. The more weight means that there is more kinetic energy. For example, a . 357 caliber rifle shoots a lighter, much faster bullet than that off . 5 caliber. Although the . 57 is faster and more flat shooting, the . 45 caliber has more knock-down power because of the weight of the bullet and the kinetic energy. Although this information is more helpful too hunter, it is useful to any shooter. Charge is described as the amount of black-powder used to fire the bullet. The more the charge, the bigger the bang. Every gun uses black-powder to be fir ed. Black-powder was the first explosive, and used in every gun in the history of fire- arms. From the oldest muskmelons to the most high tech sniper rifles used today. Now that the velocity of the gun is covered, next will be to explain what happens o the bullet once it hits the target. There are many different types of bullets. Such as soft tip, hollow point, and wad cutters. There are also a few types of hollow points. Hollow points are bullets that expand, (or mushroom) once they have impacted the target. These are most common and also the most harmful. Not only do you have a bullet traveling at over 1 500 feet per second, but they also expand and leave gaping entry and exit wounds, and can also leave trace amounts of the bullet inside the target. One type of hollow point is a slow expanding bullet. It works exactly like it is babbled, it is a harder bullet that still expands, but may not fully expand until it is very far into the target. These do a lot of damage, but not as bad as a fast expanding bullet. Fast expanding bullets expand as soon as contact is made with the target and is the most lethal type of bullet. Because they open so quickly you get the mushroom effect completely through the target. Wad cutters are nothing more than a solid piece of lead. They are mainly used for target practice because they are very cheap and do not have the charge nor the velocity of a hunting load. Although they arena t as powerful they are Just as harmful. Since they do not expand they stay a solid completely through the target and also after if there is an exit wound. These are Just as deadly because they can ricochet inside off target such as a human. Wad cutters are used in a lot of gang fights because they will not kill someone, but they will penetrate the skin and once inside the person they will ricochet off of the ribs and sternum, doing much internal damage. On each and every gun manufactured, there is a serial number stamped into it. It Is made Day pressing ten metal so even Day Telling Tontine serial under Trot ten inside, the scientist can still use ultra-sound to find out the serial number. Filing off serial number is a crime in itself and is very common in gangs, drugs, and acts of violence. By acquiring this serial number ballistic scientists can find out the caliber, make, model, store it was sold from, and even the owner. This is a huge factor in ballistic science. If you can place a gun with an owner/operator, as a ballistic scientist you have won half the battle of solving the crime. Ballistic scientists not only work with the operation of the gun, but also the distance and angle the bullet was shot from. For instance, the entry hole on a target well be much smaller than the exit hole because of the expansion of the bullet and the velocity that it exited at. In this case if you can determine and entry and exit wound you can tell what angle the bullet was shot from and determine the vicinity that the shooter was when the bullet was fired from the firearm. Distance is a huge key to figuring out what happened at a crime scene. A bullet fired from point-blank range out to a very close range will leave a black-powder burn on the target. A shot a point-blank range will have a tighter more distinct burn than en of a shot from a further distance. Another determining key to distance is penetration. If a bullet has not completely passed through a victim it could have been fired from a farther distance than what the proprieties of the scene allow. Some of the tests and examinations of ballistics include a few different types of test shooting. The ballistic scientist will test shoot the gun to find out its markings and striations on certain types of bullets to try and match a bullet with a gun and even a gun with an owner. That type of test can obviously only be done if either remains of the bullet or the gun is found. If neither the gun nor bullet is found at the scene the scientist can shoot different types of guns into what is called ballistic gel. This gel is comparable to the skin, muscle, and fat off human. It is a clear gel so you can compare the wound channel of the victim to that of the gel. This is also helpful with studying expansion of a bullet considering the gel is clear. Collecting evidence from a crime scene is very important. You do not want to hurt any evidence that could hinder the case. When collecting evidence such as a gun, never place a pencil inside of the barrel or trigger guard. Not only is that not proper rearm safety it is also harmful to any evidence that is located there. The firearms can be picked up by the textured part of the grip, while of course wearing rubber gloves to leave no extra fingerprints behind. Before picking up the firearm, make sure it is pointing in a safe direction. Most criminals do not unload the firearm before they drop it at a crime scene. Keep notes on the condition of the gun, the location, and time it was found. These call all be key factors in telling when, where, why, and how the victim was shot. If the barrel is damaged in any way, it will affect the outcome of test shooting. The same goes for the firing mechanism. The firearm should be contained in either a large envelope or a paper bag. It should be kept separate from the bullets, casing, or magazine. Putting all of these pieces of evidence in one container can lead to scratching and damaging any piece of evidence. As for collecting the bullet or casing from a scene, you must be very careful and collect it right or it will be no good as evidence. Since casings and bullets are metal, IT tenure Is any metal on metal contact ten specimen can De rule Ana scratches. This is why you would want to collect the evidence by hand with gloves on. Also one thing that most criminals don?wet think about is when you are loading your weapon you are leaving your fingerprints on the casings as you load them into the magazine. This is why casing are very important to any case. You would not want to use metal tweezers. If the bullet is scratched it could lead to false reading in test shooting or examination. Bullets and casings should be placed in a separate small cardboard box or a small envelope at the least. When collecting a magazine you should take the same precautions as you do with the gun, bullets, and casings. The magazine can be a very important part of the rime scene. Let?was possible that the magazine that was left behind could still have cartridges in them that have not been fired. If so that could narrow down the search for the caliber of gun and also the type of ammunition that was shot. Also with finding the magazine you can examine it for fingerprints from when the magazine was loaded and unloaded. With finding such things as the magazine, bullets, and casing you can determine many things such as, position, distance, caliber, gun, and even an escape route if the magazine was dropped. When I had first chosen the topic ballistics I thought I would be more focused on he science part of ballistics. But once I researched and put some of my own knowledge to work I realized that I was more interested in the way guns work and the way bullets travel. Although I don?wet see myself as the laboratory type, if I could only work on firearms cases it would not be that bad of a Job. I know as a student I learned very much in my research of bullets, guns, and ballistics. ?catheter are hundreds of millions of gun owners in this country, and not one of them will have an accident today. The only misuse of guns comes in environments where there are drugs, alcohol, bad parents, and undisciplined children.

Free Essays on The Constitutional Significance Of Marbury V. Madison

The Constitutional Significance of Marbury v. Madison Our nations birth was culminated by the production of the Constitution. This document outlines our country’s expectations and guidelines. It is a document which is written so perfectly that it can be very flexible to sufficiently govern our nations current needs, and on the other hand very tight to withstand time. The Constitution is a document of definitions. It defines relationships and states what the government can and can not get away with. It has a remarkable capability of reaching compromises and its authority is given to it by the people. With the vast capabilities this document possesses, it must be interpreted correctly and fairly. Judicial Review grants the Supreme Court the power to do so. Judicial review is a power held by the Court that enables them to prevent the enforcement of laws or other governmental decisions that it determines to be repugnant to the Constitution. The Supreme Court case, Marbury v. Madison, solidified this power. This case was one of the first cases which let the Courts set a precedent of power. John Marshall shaped the role that the courts would play. He understood that if the Court awarded Marbury a writ of mandamus, the Jefferson administration would ignore it, and thus significantly weaken the authority of the courts. On the other hand, if the Court denied the writ, it might well appear that the justices had acted out of fear. Either case would be a denial of the basic principle of the supremacy of the law. The Constitutional Significance is the assumption of several powers by the Supreme Court. One was the authority to declare acts of Congress, and by implication acts of the president, unconstitutional if they exceeded the powers granted by the Constitution. But even more important, the Court became the arbiter of the Constitution, the final authority on what the document meant. The Supreme Court became in fact as well as in the... Free Essays on The Constitutional Significance Of Marbury V. Madison Free Essays on The Constitutional Significance Of Marbury V. Madison The Constitutional Significance of Marbury v. Madison Our nations birth was culminated by the production of the Constitution. This document outlines our country’s expectations and guidelines. It is a document which is written so perfectly that it can be very flexible to sufficiently govern our nations current needs, and on the other hand very tight to withstand time. The Constitution is a document of definitions. It defines relationships and states what the government can and can not get away with. It has a remarkable capability of reaching compromises and its authority is given to it by the people. With the vast capabilities this document possesses, it must be interpreted correctly and fairly. Judicial Review grants the Supreme Court the power to do so. Judicial review is a power held by the Court that enables them to prevent the enforcement of laws or other governmental decisions that it determines to be repugnant to the Constitution. The Supreme Court case, Marbury v. Madison, solidified this power. This case was one of the first cases which let the Courts set a precedent of power. John Marshall shaped the role that the courts would play. He understood that if the Court awarded Marbury a writ of mandamus, the Jefferson administration would ignore it, and thus significantly weaken the authority of the courts. On the other hand, if the Court denied the writ, it might well appear that the justices had acted out of fear. Either case would be a denial of the basic principle of the supremacy of the law. The Constitutional Significance is the assumption of several powers by the Supreme Court. One was the authority to declare acts of Congress, and by implication acts of the president, unconstitutional if they exceeded the powers granted by the Constitution. But even more important, the Court became the arbiter of the Constitution, the final authority on what the document meant. The Supreme Court became in fact as well as in the...

The Analytic Paper-Analyzing between a film and Freudian theory Essay

The Analytic Paper-Analyzing between a film and Freudian theory - Essay Example The book has been widely used in reference to most of the psychoanalysis on human behavior. Scientists and psychoanalysts regard Freud as an important person shedding lots of information regarding human behavior. According to Freud, human beings are under control of the id, the ego, and the super ego that controls the desires and satisfaction of humans. Civilization and its discontents largely dwell on the super ego, ego, and the id nature of human kind that mainly aims at benefiting ones desires but fails to protect the surrounding environment (Heffner). The super ego character makes humans lazy and selfish. For this reason, human crave for sexual desire and the best things in the society at all cost. This leads to theft, killing, rape, and drugs and substance abuse in the society. The desire to satisfy one’s own wishes makes life hard and disappointing. For this reason most people resort to ways which are harmful both individually and the whole society. According to Freud in his analysis of Civilization and its discontents, civilization is built upon human instincts. This is mainly aimed at getting pleasure. This is practically evident from James Whale’s film the Frankenstein of 1931. On the contrary, civilization is against all these odds in the society and therefore set rules in the society that protect one individual from one another and establishes the need to have common interests in the society. The rules set by the society have severe punishment if broken. For this reason, human beings become discontented by the simple act of civilization. According to Freud, love will sometimes lead to humility, self-injury, and limitation of narcissism. In the case of the film Frankenstein, this is true. James whale directed a horror film by the name Frankenstein in 1931 (Michael Brunas). The film is about Frankenstein, a scientist is wishing to fulfill his egocentric motives. The young man withdraws

Cooperative Learning and Social Emotional Learning Research Paper

Cooperative Learning and Social Emotional Learning - Research Paper Example He discovered that two aspects in particular the student and student communication and interaction, and also the student and faculty communication and interaction, conveyed the largest influences and subsequently affected the largest majority of typical education results. His work endorsed earlier verdicts from Tinto’s (1989) imperative study on student retention that common and remunerating informal acquaintance with faculty associates is the sole sturdiest predictor of whether a student willingly withdraws from a school. Other analyses also encourage these results. Pascarella and Terenzini (1991) established that peer support is a significant aspect in student attentiveness in school. In the prologue to the Harvard Assessment Seminars: Second Report, Light (1990; 1992) concludes that all the research findings illustrate and point to one main idea which is that the students that get the most of school the happiest and who grow more academically organize their time well includ ing interpersonal activities with fellow students or with faculty members and build substantive academic work. Therefore, the value of amplified communication amidst students and amid students and faculty members ought to be evident. It is evident that technology if used wisely, can magnify the chances for eloquent discussion. Slavin, R. E., Stevens, R. J., & Madden, N. A. (1988). Accommodating Student Diversity in Reading and Writing Instruction A Cooperative Learning Approach.  Remedial and Special Education,  9(1), 60-66. Each student has his/her own learning bravura, individual learning and development speed or linguistic background knowledge. Therefore, the majority of student’s classes involve students with different learning capabilities. In this class settings of institutions such as state funded schools, beginners’ classes are directed towards students who have no previous

Analyse the way women are treated in Candide. Are gender roles an Essay

Analyse the way women are treated in Candide. Are gender roles an object of satire for Volataire, and if so, what problems andor solutions did he identify - Essay Example Cunegonde is the female protagonist of the novel and she is described as "aged seventeen, was rosy-cheeked, fresh, plump and tempting", in the beginning of the novel. This itself sets pace for and acts as a revelation of Voltaire's satirical take on the mere 'objectification' of women. Further, Candide falls in love with her, owing to her good looks. For this, he is banished from the house of the Baron. Later, Cunegonde falls prey to the exploitation of Bulgar soldiers. As the novel progresses, we find that Cunegonde is constantly being shipped to Constantinople or is made a slave and exploited. The author recurrently brings to our notice that men were a superior clan, while women were merely their counterparts, who had no prominent role or more meaning to their lives apart from succumbing to the carnal desires of the superior males. This gender pattern was a great source of ridicule for many authors and Voltaire certainly does highlight this societal pattern and ridicules it in his satirical novel. In the process of satirising the objectification of women, Voltaire does come to a conclusion regarding the same. He puts forth two exemplary characters; that of Candide and Cunegonde.

Charlotte Temple By Susanna Rowson English Literature Essay

Charlotte Temple By Susanna Rowson English Literature Essay Charlotte represents an average girl and how society was building them to be, very insecure and weak; not prepared for the real life and the dangers lurking beneath those pleasures. Therefore, it is very easy to bamboozle and seduce these young ladies. The term seducing in this content is defined as tempting not necessarily used in a sexual manner but more of a convincing strategy used to do something they would not do on their own. When Mademoiselle La Rue asked Charlotte to go with her to a summerhouse belonging to a gentlemen she met at church, who had asked her to bring some of the ladies with her, she mentioned the gentlemen as a relation, and spoke in such high terms of the elegance of his gardens, the sprightliness of his conversations, and the liberality with which he ever entertained his guest, that Charlotte thought only of the pleasure she would enjoy in this visit (pg.58). Charlotte was not a girl of bad intentions. As a matter of fact, most of the time she even regretted going because she was astonished at the freedom Mademoiselle La Rue had allowed them to have and how free the conversation was. In return, this all made her feel uneasy, guilty, thoughtful, and wishing she was back at the safety of her chamber. In this story seduction plays a huge role, the thought of fitting into societys expectations and achieving your role as a house wife was all that matter to these young ladies; which made it very easy to convince them that a certain path is the correct without having to provide many explanations. For many however, the reality was that, In affairs of love a young heart is never in more danger than when attempted by a handsome young soldier (pg. 59). A soldier with many empty promises, a man that is dressed nicely and says a couple of good words to her to make her feel she is in love and believe he is all she needs. He would make her believe in abandoning everything she knows, her family, friends, and virtue; to follow someone who perhaps has n o idea how to be a gentleman and treat a lady like she should be treated, who simply has no idea what life is about himself. All of this just to fit in with what everyone expects of a women. Mainly in the case of a soldier, an active member of the military, which in any case can be sent to defend their country, and in many cases pay the ultimate sacrifice. In one of the many attempts to stop this tragedy from happening throughout the book, Montravilles father says that a soldier has no business thinking of a wife until he has achieved a rank high enough that he would not have to fear losing his life or not having enough money to support himself and his family. At this time in America, everything the women did was supposed to revolve around the men. Women were educated to please, to educate their young boys, to take care of the men when they were grown, to advise and console them, to surrender everything they had; these were the duties of women, and this is what was taught to them from their infancy. Making it all they knew of life and this is all they wanted. At the party in the summerhouse, Montraville gave Charlotte a letter; explaining all of his feelings and how he desired only to be with her. Charlotte knew that reading the letter was a bad idea since her mother had always mentioned to her that if she were to receive a letter from a young man, she should not read it without given it to her mother first. At which, all Mademoiselle La Rue said was, Lord bless you, my dear girl! Have you a mind to be leading strings all your life time. Prithee open the letter, read it, and judge for yourself; if you shew it your mother the consequence wi ll be you will be taken from school, and a strict guard kept over you, so you will stand no chance of ever seeing the smart young officer again (pg. 62). La Rue then continues lighting the fire by telling her how Montraville is going to war in America and how she will not alleviate him by permitting him to think that she would remember him when absent, and pray for his safety. The thought of adventure, love, and one day being a wife; were enough to make this words sound like words of wisdom and being the turning point of her life. As Charlotte read the letter, Mademoiselle eyed her with a malignant pleasure knowing that she had accomplished her goal in convincing Charlotte. She saw that the contents of the letter had awakened new emotions in the young and innocent girl, and before they parted it was determined that Charlotte was going to meet Montraville the next evening. If young women at this age were more exposed to reality and had more freedom to discover things themselves; they would have had a better understanding of life in general. However, being acknowledged as nothing more than a housewife, they were secluded from normal everyday experiences that would have taught them many lessons. For example, casual dating was not allowed and it made you look like a trashy woman. On the contrary, they had to wait for the one man that would tell them how beautiful they were and get married. In most cases, the women would barely know the history behind this man with whom they were going to spend the rest of their lives. This must have sent various sensations which agitated the womans mind. In Charlottes case it did, the book states that, Several times did she almost resolve to go to her governess, shew her the letter, and be guided by her advice: but Charlotte had taken one step in the ways of imprudence, and when that is once done there are always innumera ble obstacles to prevent the erring person returning to the path of rectitudeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (pg. 69). If Charlotte would have gone to her governess or even had experience a similar situation in the past, she wouldnt have been so desperate or confused about her decision. Charlotte would question herself, pondering if she was being ungrateful for what Mademoiselle was doing for her. Nowadays things are very different. In sixth grade young girls all over the country are having their first boyfriends or have already had a boyfriend. Not looking for marriage or any type of serious commitment but just learning from experience to prepare them for what life is like. As many say, Making mistakes just means you are learning faster. Charlotte Temple was not as fortunate as nowadays women are. Her first letter concluded with her making a horrible decision, leading to her death. Like all women during that era Charlotte, was a victim of society and their expectations. Of everyones beliefs, that women were just beautiful and did not have a saying or could do anything other than being a wife. She was a victim of tradition, being taught to be nice to her husband, cook, raise the kids, and take care of the house. Moreover, she was a victim of her so called friends, who gave her what she believed was great advice then turned around and left her with nothing but poverty, loneliness, and a baby. The reality is that she never really had any real support; from the very beginning she was being misinformed and deceived. Just like many of the other women, in search of happiness, love, and acceptance; left everything they had and gained nothing in return.

Degeneration of Women in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire

Degeneration of Women in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire The men they are influenced by and, often, married to, and the circumstances in which they live and work dictate the women’s characters and personalities. In ‘The Great Gatsby’ and ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’, Daisy and Blanche suffer degeneration in terms of their mentality and their morals due to the behaviour and actions of the men in their lives. The male characters act as catalysts in implementing this change, as they alter the lives of others yet are not themselves changed. However, it cannot be said that men are entirely responsible for this degeneration- to a certain extent, the fate of the women rests in their own hands. A comparison between the two texts, considering both the male characters’ responsibility, and the women’s own responsibility for themselves, will be decisive in determining how and why the women degenerate and the consequences of this deterioration. Men are an extremely dominant force within both ‘The Great Gatsby’ and ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’. The marriages in each text display a microcosm view of the text as a whole, in that they are a small representation of a larger context. The men in each marriage are dominant- Tom, for example, is ambiguous because a reader knows he is violent from his behaviour to Myrtle- ‘Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with an open hand†¦high over the confusion a long broken wail of pain.’ However, he does not act violently that we know of towards Daisy. This could be a direct result of the two women’s class. Daisy is described by Jordan as being, ‘ â€Å"By far the most popular of all the young girls in Louiseville†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ whose wealth and class could be measured by ‘... ...ever had any real compassion or love for her. Their decision to move away comes despite his earlier assumption that, ‘ â€Å"I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry†¦I’d be a God damned fool to live anywhere else.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Gatsby himself is more ambiguous, as his obsession with Daisy creates his situation. He degenerates in terms of his morals, yet it seems that he has always been amoral when it comes to business and ‘gonnegtions’ as well. Ultimately, the men only change subtly and almost imperceptibly as a result of their actions towards the women, yet the women themselves change irreversibly. Each change that occurs within the women is significant not just to the characters themselves, but also to those surrounding them and the dynamics of the plot. The conclusion to each text has been determined by the actions of the men and the result that they have on the women. Degeneration of Women in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire Degeneration of Women in The Great Gatsby and A Streetcar Named Desire The men they are influenced by and, often, married to, and the circumstances in which they live and work dictate the women’s characters and personalities. In ‘The Great Gatsby’ and ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’, Daisy and Blanche suffer degeneration in terms of their mentality and their morals due to the behaviour and actions of the men in their lives. The male characters act as catalysts in implementing this change, as they alter the lives of others yet are not themselves changed. However, it cannot be said that men are entirely responsible for this degeneration- to a certain extent, the fate of the women rests in their own hands. A comparison between the two texts, considering both the male characters’ responsibility, and the women’s own responsibility for themselves, will be decisive in determining how and why the women degenerate and the consequences of this deterioration. Men are an extremely dominant force within both ‘The Great Gatsby’ and ‘A Streetcar Named Desire’. The marriages in each text display a microcosm view of the text as a whole, in that they are a small representation of a larger context. The men in each marriage are dominant- Tom, for example, is ambiguous because a reader knows he is violent from his behaviour to Myrtle- ‘Making a short deft movement, Tom Buchanan broke her nose with an open hand†¦high over the confusion a long broken wail of pain.’ However, he does not act violently that we know of towards Daisy. This could be a direct result of the two women’s class. Daisy is described by Jordan as being, ‘ â€Å"By far the most popular of all the young girls in Louiseville†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ whose wealth and class could be measured by ‘... ...ever had any real compassion or love for her. Their decision to move away comes despite his earlier assumption that, ‘ â€Å"I’ll stay in the East, don’t you worry†¦I’d be a God damned fool to live anywhere else.†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Gatsby himself is more ambiguous, as his obsession with Daisy creates his situation. He degenerates in terms of his morals, yet it seems that he has always been amoral when it comes to business and ‘gonnegtions’ as well. Ultimately, the men only change subtly and almost imperceptibly as a result of their actions towards the women, yet the women themselves change irreversibly. Each change that occurs within the women is significant not just to the characters themselves, but also to those surrounding them and the dynamics of the plot. The conclusion to each text has been determined by the actions of the men and the result that they have on the women.